Что делать если температура понижена: Что делать если температура тела у человека ниже 36°

все, что вы хотели знать о своей температуре — Рамблер/новости

Правило, которое все выучили еще в детстве: если градусник показывает 36,6 градусов, значит, вы здоровы. В действительности, температура в пределах нормы может варьироваться от 35,5 до 37,2 градусов. Здесь все индивидуально: у женщин эти показатели меняются в зависимости от менструального цикла, а мужчины по статистике и вовсе на пол градуса «холоднее». Учитывать стоит и время суток — утром, сразу после пробуждения температура тела ниже, чем вечером.

С повышением температуры тела все ясно: мы чувствуем общее недомогание, слабость и понимаем, что подхватили простуду или инфекцию. В этом случае организм вступает в схватку с вирусами или бактериями — они погибают при температуре около 38 градусов, поэтому сбивать ее раньше времени не следует.

Но что делать с пониженной температурой тела и на какие проблемы этот симптом может указывать?

Когда температуру тела можно считать низкой?

Температуру в диапазоне от 35 до 36 градусов уже можно считать пониженной, но если самочувствие при этом не вызывает вопросов, поводов для беспокойства нет. А когда температура опускается до 34,9 градусов и ниже, стоит обратить внимание на свое здоровье. В медицине это состояние называется гипотермией — в некоторых случаях она вызывает нарушение работы внутренних органов и даже может привести к летальному исходу. При серьезном переохлаждении температура опускается до 33 градусов и ниже, а уже при 30 градусах есть риск потерять сознание.

Какие симптомы указывают на понижение температуры тела?

Понижение температуры тела заметить сложнее, чем повышение — зачастую это состояние ассоциируют с усталостью, упадком сил. Самый банальный при этом симптом — ощущение холода или озноб. Среди менее очевидных можно выделить сонливость, сильную слабость, нарушение координации и слабый пульс.

Низкая температура тела влияет и на работу мозга: реакция становится замедленной, сознание — спутанным. У детей симптомы могут отличаться: если ребенок отказывается от еды и жалуется на головную боль, стоит измерить его температуру.

Почему температура тела может понизиться?

Как уже было сказано выше, понижение температуры часто списывают на усталость, слишком напряженный график или реакцию на плохую погоду. Последний пункт может стать причиной, но не следствием — температура понижается при переохлаждении. Но не все так просто — это может быть симптомом многих заболеваний, в том числе и их обострения.

Первым делом стоит исключить следующие состояния: стресс или депрессию, снижение иммунитета, заболевания эндокринной системы или пониженный гемоглобин. Вспомните, не было ли у вас за последнее время простуды или инфекции — при восстановлении организма или обострении хронических заболеваний температура тела тоже может понижаться (подробнее о вирусах читайте здесь).

В целом, все причины гипотермии делятся на физические и химические. К первым можно отнести проблемы с терморегуляцией: например, озноб часто испытывают люди с низким артериальным давлением — из-за расширенных сосудов. А ко второй категории можно причислить отравление, неправильное употребление медицинских препаратов и беременность. В последнем случае температура понижается из-за сбоев в режиме питания или понижении иммунитета. На движение столбика термометра влияет и менструальный цикл — например, во время овуляции температура чаще повышается, но в некоторых случаях допускается и незначительное понижение.

В любом случае, если гипотермия беспокоит вас постоянно, стоит пройти обследование у врача, а не заниматься самолечением. Только специалист сможет определить точную причину понижения температуры тела, назначить необходимые анализы и, если это необходимо, рассказать, какие витамины и имунные препараты добавить в свой рацион.

Как повысить температуру тела?

Разумеется, если понижение температуры тела вызвано заболеваниями или серьезными нарушениями в организме, самостоятельно предпринимать ничего не нужно. Но очень часто этот симптом указывает на то, что вы переутомились. В этом случае разбирайтесь с первопричиной: следите за качеством сна, скорректируйте рацион питания и не забывайте о регулярных физических нагрузках.

Если вы проводите большую часть дня за компьютером, возьмите за правило делать зарядку каждые два часа (идеи упражнений найдете здесь). Это не только поможет избежать понижения температуры тела, но и предотвратит такие заболевания, как варикоз и остеохондроз. Следите за тем, чтобы в вашем рационе было достаточное количество углеводов, минералов и витаминов — их дефицит тоже может стать причиной постоянного озноба (то же касается и изнуряющих диет). Эти действия полезны для профилактики гипотермии, но если низкая температура тела вызывает серьезный дискомфорт и недомогание, помочь сможет только врач. И помните, что при температуре 32 градуса и ниже нужно вызывать скорую помощь.

Эти простые знания помогут значительно улучшить качество жизни и предотвратить серьезные проблемы со здоровьем, но это далеко не все, что нужно знать о своей температуре тела:

Температура зависит от места ее измерения

Температуру чаще всего измеряют в подмышечной впадине, и нормой для этой зоны считаются 36,5 градусов. Важно помнить, что результаты слева и справа могут быть разными (как правило, левая подмышечная впадина «теплее» на один градус). Температуру можно измерить и орально, но не стоит этого делать, если за последние полчаса вы что-то ели или пили. Температура в ухе считается самой достоверной, но для этого нужен специальный термометр и правильная техника измерения.

Чем старше мы становимся, тем ниже температура нашего тела

Исследования показали, что с возрастом физиологические процессы замедляются, а организм расходует меньше энергии — из-за этого температура тела может быть пониженной. Для людей старше 60 лет значение в 36 градусов считается нормой, но допускать серьезного понижения температуры нельзя ни в коем случае.

Температура тела влияет на качество сна Нидерландские ученые доказали, что небольшое понижение температуры тела помогает лучше высыпаться. Во время сна она снижается естественным образом, но чтобы поддерживать это состояние, лучше проветривать спальню или оставлять окно приоткрытым на ночь.

Острая пища повышает температуру тела

Если вы постоянно мерзнете, попробуйте добавлять в блюда щепотку кайенского перца. Содержащийся в нем капсаицин не только заставляет организм вырабатывать тепло, но и способствует похудению.

Температура может выступать в роли детектора лжи Испанские ученые назвали это «эффектом Пиноккио»: когда мы говорим неправду, наш нос становится горячее. Врачи изучили температуру тела и определили, что нос и зона под глазами действительно нагреваются, когда мы волнуемся и пытаемся кого-то обмануть.

Текст: Анастасия Сперанская 90000 Causes, What to Do, Seeking Help 90001 90002 1. Premature birth and low birth weight 90003 90004 Infants born at less than 28 weeks gestation have the highest risk of developing hypothermia. Low birth weight is another risk factor: Babies who are 3.3 pounds (1.5 kilograms) or less are 30 to 78 percent more likely to develop hypothermia immediately after birth than babies with a higher birth weight. 90005 90004 Early babies and those with low birth weight run a higher risk of hypothermia because of their large surface-area-to-volume ratio.Additional contributing factors are their: 90005 90008 90009 lack of insulating body fat 90010 90009 immature nervous system 90010 90009 inability to efficiently conduct heat 90010 90015 90004 Shortly after a hospital birth, if your baby is premature or has a low birth weight, they’ll be placed in specially designed bassinets that have warming lights and heated mattresses. 90005 90004 When you bring your baby home, use these tips to help regulate their body temperature: 90005 90008 90009 Swaddle or wrap your baby snuggly in a single blanket.90010 90009 Place a hat on your baby if they will be out in a cold environment. A hat may reduce heat loss by close to 19 percent in babies. 90010 90009 Limit baths. Water evaporating on skin can lower body temperature. Bathing, other than sponge bathing, is not recommended for babies until after the umbilical cord falls off. 90010 90015 90002 2. Cold birth environment 90003 90004 Many babies, even full-term ones, are born with a near hypothermic body temperature. Being born in a cold space can quickly cause your baby’s body temperature to drop.90005 90004 In the hospital, a number of protocols may be in place to warm up your baby, including: 90005 90008 90009 immediately drying the baby after delivery to remove wet and cold amniotic fluid 90010 90009 placing the baby in a bassinet with radiant heat 90010 90009 using heated mattresses and blanket wraps 90010 90009 encouraging skin-on-skin contact with a parent 90010 90009 delaying the first bath until at least 12 hours after birth, when a baby may be a little more efficient at staying warm 90010 90015 90004 If your baby is born outside of a hospital, it’s important to keep your baby warm using similar methods.While you may not have access to a heated mattress, you can dry your baby off, use skin-to-skin contact, and swaddle or wrap them in a blanket. 90005 90002 3. Hypoglycemia 90003 90004 Hypoglycemia is a condition in which there is too little glucose, or blood sugar, circulating in the body. Glucose is used by the body for energy. A baby can become hypoglycemic at birth or soon after because of infection, birth defects, or the mother’s health during pregnancy. 90005 90004 To help prevent hypoglycemia in your baby: 90005 90008 90009 maintain a healthy diet during pregnancy and follow your doctor’s recommendations for weight gain 90010 90009 manage diabetes during pregnancy if you have that condition, and get tested for gestational diabetes 90010 90009 keep your baby on a regular feeding schedule 90010 90015 90002 4.Infection 90003 90004 Some serious infections have been associated with a drop in body temperature. 90005 90004 Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the spinal cord. It can sometimes cause a fever in babies, but in other cases it may cause a lower-than-normal body temperature. 90005 90004 Sepsis, a dangerous bacterial infection of the blood, commonly causes a low body temperature in infants, though in some cases it may lead to a fever instead. 90005 90004 Both meningitis and sepsis are serious, life-threatening infections.Get immediate medical help if you notice several of these symptoms in your baby: 90005 90008 90009 pale, clammy, blotchy skin, and sometimes a rash 90010 90009 poor feeding 90010 90009 fast breathing 90010 90009 moaning cry 90010 90009 cold hands and feet 90010 90015.90000 Baby temperature is low: Causes, treatments, and prevention 90001 90002 When a healthy baby has a low temperature, it may not signal a problem. However, very low temperatures may indicate or cause a serious health problem. 90003 90002 The average healthy body temperature is 98.6 ° F. Shifts in a baby’s activity level or environment can affect their temperature, while different methods of taking a temperature can give slightly different readings. 90003 90002 Newborns and babies are less able to regulate their body temperature.Because of this, when a baby has a low temperature, it is important to address the cause quickly. 90003 Share on PinterestA baby’s temperature may be low following a prolonged period in water. 90002 A variety of factors can cause a low temperature in a baby. They include: 90003 90010 90011 cold weather 90012 90011 prolonged periods in water 90012 90011 not drying a baby after birth 90012 90017 90002 The most common reason for low body temperature is that babies, especially newborns, can not regulate their body temperature as well as older children and adults.So exposure to even slightly low temperatures is more likely to cause a low body temperature in a newborn. 90003 90002 It is also important to note that taking temperatures incorrectly or using inaccurate equipment may give incorrect readings. Using a variety of methods or thermometers may address inaccuracies. 90003 90002 A low body temperature poses more dangers to newborns, especially those born prematurely or at a low birth weight. 90003 90002 A baby who has a low body temperature may: 90003 90010 90011 develop blue lips or fingers 90012 90011 feel very cold 90012 90011 act lethargic or sick 90012 90017 90002 The risks of a prolonged low body temperature include: 90003 Share on PinterestA rectum temperature reading usually provides the most accurate information.90002 The ideal baby temperature depends on the method a person uses to take the temperature. In babies younger than 2 years old, rectum temperature readings offer the most accurate information, provided the parent or caregiver takes the measurement correctly, using working equipment. 90003 90002 Healthy temperature readings are as follows: 90003 90010 90011 90042 Rectal 90043: 97.9 to 100.4 ° F 90012 90011 90042 Mouth 90043: 95.9 to 99.5 ° F 90012 90011 90042 Armpit 90043: 97.8 to 99.5 ° F 90012 90011 90042 Ear 90043: 96 .4 to 100.4 ° F 90012 90017 90002 Temperatures below these ranges may signal hypothermia, which is a dangerously low body temperature. Temperatures above these ranges could be a sign of a fever. A fever may mean the baby has an infection or is too hot. 90003 90002 Each baby is different. Sometimes a falling temperature indicates a problem even if the baby’s temperature is within the normal range. So ask a healthcare provider about the ideal temperature for the baby. 90003 90002 The World Health Organization (WHO) recommend measuring a very unwell baby’s temperature as frequently as hourly.In a very small baby, taking the temperature two to four times daily can help with detecting unhealthy temperature swings. The WHO advise taking daily temperature readings in an infant whose condition is improving. 90003 90002 The correct treatment depends on why the baby’s temperature is low. Babies are vulnerable both to cold and to overheating. Because of this, parents or caregivers should not overdress babies, put them in front of hot radiators, or otherwise expose them to intense heat in an attempt to warm them.90003 90002 It is important to see a healthcare provider if a baby has a low temperature that does not rise after using strategies such as dressing the baby more warmly or increasing the temperature of the house. 90003 90002 When a newborn has trouble regulating their body temperature, some strategies can help. They include: 90003 90010 90011 drying the baby to prevent heat loss 90012 90011 holding the baby skin-to-skin against the warm body of a parent or caregiver 90012 90011 covering the baby with a blanket, especially during skin-to-skin contact 90012 90011 breastfeeding 90012 90017 90002 If these strategies fail, a healthcare provider may recommend: 90003 90010 90011 warming devices, such as an over-the-bed warmer or heat lamp 90012 90011 placing the baby in an open bed with a radiant warmer 90012 90011 putting the baby in an incubator 90012 90017 90002 Dressing a baby in seasonally appropriate clothing-without overdressing or overheating the baby-can prevent them from getting too cold.Skin-to-skin contact with a parent or caregiver is also helpful because their warm body may help regulate the baby’s body temperature. 90003 90002 However, it is not possible to prevent all cases of hypothermia or low body temperature. Sometimes, a low body temperature indicates that the baby’s brain is not sending the right signals to regulate its body temperature or that the baby’s body can not do certain things that would generally raise body temperature. 90003 90002 Seeking prompt medical care when a baby has a body temperature more than a degree below normal can help prevent serious complications.90003 Share on PinterestParents and caregivers should talk to a doctor if their baby has an abnormal temperature. 90002 Infections are more dangerous in young infants. Babies and newborns are also less able to regulate their body temperature. 90003 90002 Parents or caregivers should err on the side of caution when a baby has an abnormal temperature, especially if the baby was born prematurely or is younger than 3 months old. Call a doctor anytime a baby’s temperature falls outside the normal range.90003 90002 Seek emergency care if a baby seems lethargic or their temperature continues falling despite efforts to warm them. 90003 90002 Parents of low birth weight and premature babies should ask a healthcare provider when to seek emergency care for a low temperature. 90003 90002 It is important to take changes in temperature seriously, particularly if the baby has other health risk factors, such as an infection, a history of breathing problems, or they were born prematurely. 90003 90002 However, a low body temperature is not a reason to panic, especially if the temperature is just a few tenths of a point outside the normal range.90003 90002 A pediatrician or other healthcare provider can help parents or caregivers decide if the low temperature is normal and healthy, or a sign of a problem. Seek treatment as soon as possible, since a healthcare provider can offer peace of mind and ensure the baby gets the right treatment. 90003.90000 11 Fascinating Facts About Body Temperature 90001 90002 A fever is a temporary increase in your body temperature, and it’s often caused by illness, according to the Mayo Clinic. A rectal, ear, or temporal artery (forehead) temperature of 100.4 degrees or higher generally indicates a fever. Fevers usually subside within a few days. If you have a fever, you may also experience the following symptoms: 90003 90004 90005 Chills and shivering 90006 90005 Sweating 90006 90005 Headache 90006 90005 Muscle aches 90006 90005 Loss of appetite 90006 90005 Irritability 90006 90005 Dehydration 90006 90005 General weakness 90006 90021 90002 For adults , a body temperature of 103 degrees F or higher can be a cause for concern, and warrants a call to your doctor, according to the Mayo Clinic.Also call your doctor if along with a fever, you have a severe headache; an unusual skin rash; unusual sensitivity to bright light; stiff neck and pain when you bend your head forward; mental confusion; persistent vomiting; difficulty breathing or chest pain; abdominal pain or pain when urinating; or convulsions or seizures. 90003 90002 For infants and toddlers, a temperature that is only slightly higher than usual could be a sign of a serious infection, according to the Mayo Clinic. Call your doctor if your child is younger than 3 months and has a rectal temperature of 100.4 degrees F or higher; between 3 and 6 months old and has a rectal temperature up to 102 degrees F and seems atypically irritable, lethargic, or uncomfortable, or has a temperature higher than 102 degrees F; or between 6 and 24 months and has a rectal temperature higher than 102 degrees F that lasts longer than one day. 90003 90002 If your child is 2 years old or older, call your doctor if they have a fever that lasts longer than three days, or if they seem unresponsive to you. 90003 90002 Young children from 6 months to 5 years old might have febrile seizures with a high body temperature, which usually involve loss of consciousness and shaking of limbs on both sides of the body, according to the Mayo Clinic.Call for emergency medical care if a seizure lasts longer than five minutes, or take your child to the doctor as soon as possible after the seizure to figure out what caused it. 90003 90002 90031 RELATED: 10 Essential Facts About Adult Fevers 90032 90003.90000 What Is (and Is not) Normal? – Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic 90001 90002 What’s a “normal” human body temperature? That question is a little harder to answer than you might think. 90003 90002 Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy 90003 90002 Most people probably grew up being told it was 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (or 37 degrees Celsius).That widely accepted number originated from a study done in the mid-1800s. But newer studies suggest the average person today actually runs a little cooler than that – somewhere between 97.5 F and 97.9 F. 90003 90002 The reality is, there is not one exact “normal” body temperature, says family medicine physician Donald Ford, MD, MBA. Everyone has their own normal -and it’s more of a sliding scale than one set number. 90003 90002 “We’re cautious about saying what a normal temperature is, because the truth is there’s a whole range of them,” he says.90003 90012 90002 “Typically anything in the range of 97 to 99 degrees Fahrenheit is considered normal, but there are times when a perfectly healthy person might have a body temperature that’s slightly higher or slightly lower than that.” 90003 90015 90002 Keep the following in mind the next time you take your temperature. 90003 90018 Your body’s thermostat 90019 90002 A temperature check is usually part of a routine visit to your healthcare provider – and probably something you do at home if you’re not feeling well.Temperature is one of your vital signs, and it’s an important indicator of your health. 90003 90002 A healthy body, generally, is pretty good at keeping its temperature at a comfortable level, Dr. Ford says. 90003 90002 “For example, if you go outside on a very cold day, you will notice that your skin temperature is going to go down, but your core temperature inside will stay in the normal range, “he explains. 90003 90002 A part of your brain called the hypothalamus is responsible for this.When you get too cold, it signals your body to preserve heat by shrinking the blood vessels, and to produce heat by shivering. And when you get too hot, it signals your body to make sweat to cool off. 90003 90002 However, it’s normal for your temperature to change within that healthy range as you move through your day and your life. For example, your temperature is usually lower in the morning than it is in the afternoon. For women, it can also fluctuate depending on where you are in your menstrual cycle.90003 90018 Why is my temperature higher than normal? 90019 90002 A temperature that’s higher than 100.4 F (or 38 C) is considered a fever, and it’s usually something you should bring to your doctor’s attention, Dr. Ford says. 90003 90002 Oftentimes, a fever is your body’s reaction to an infection, like the flu, and does not require any specific treatment, other than bringing your temperature down for comfort. 90003 90002 As for that gray area in between a fever and the high end of a healthy temperature? “We generally call this a ‘low-grade’ temperature,” Dr.Ford explains. “It’s certainly something to watch, but it’s hard to know the significance of this.” 90003 90002 Persistent low-grade or high-grade fevers could signal that something else is going on in your body. A number of medical conditions, including hyperthyroidism and other endocrine disorders, can heighten the body’s core temperature, so if your fever lasts for more than two days, follow up with your doctor. 90003 90018 Take note: Kids ‘fevers 90019 90002 Young kids generally tend to run warmer than adults.Their bodies have not yet mastered the art of regulating their body temperature, so they’re also more likely to spike fevers – and severe ones, at that. 90003 90002 “You may see a child that goes up to 103, 104, 105 degrees,” Dr. Ford says. “We recommend acetaminophen to try to prevent a rapid spike in temperature, which can induce some other problems.” 90003 90002 If your child’s fever does not come down with fever reducers, or if an infant younger than 3 months develops a fever, call your pediatrician.90003 90018 Why is my body temperature low? 90019 90002 Studies show that core body temperature decreases with age. Hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid, can also slow down metabolism, which can lead to a drop in body temperature. 90003 90002 If your core body temperature dips down to 95 F (35 C) or lower, that’s considered hypothermia. It’s often caused by exposure to cold weather, but there are other factors that can put you at risk for hypothermia, such as age and certain medications.90003 90002 Hypothermia is a medical emergency, so call 911 if you suspect you or someone else has hypothermia. 90003 90018 The takeaway on your temperature 90019 90002 If you take your temperature with three different kinds of thermometers, you might get three different results. This is not necessarily cause for worry, Dr. Ford says. 90003 90012 90002 “Testing an internal temperature is going to be more accurate than testing an external temperature,” he notes. 90003 90015 90002 So a thermometer that goes under the tongue will likely give you a slightly higher but more accurate result than one that goes under your armpit, or a forehead thermometer – though these kinds may be an easier option to use with kids.90003 90002 So next time you reach for your thermometer, remember that your normal is not necessarily going to be 98.6 degrees F. 90003 90002 “Normal is a range, and people should not get worried if their temperature is varying a little bit within that range,” Dr. Ford says. “That does not necessarily mean anything good, bad or otherwise.” 90003 90002 But if you have any questions or concerns about your temperature, do not hesitate to call your primary care provider. 90003 .